Core Competency Courses by Semester

The purpose of an Ohio Wesleyan education is to equip students with “knowledge, competence, and character for leadership, service, and continued learning in a complex and increasingly global society” (OWU Statement of Aims). The Core Competencies are the ways of knowing, doing, and being in the world that OWU has judged most essential to achieving this purpose.

To fulfill the Core Competencies requirement, students must take one unit of credit from each Core Competency category. No more than two units with the same disciplinary prefix (e.g., ART, BIOL, ENG, etc.) may be taken across ALL Core Competency categories.

This is a list of sections by term that fulfill Core Competency requirements. Click here to see a list of all courses in OWU's catalog that fulfill the requirements.

Note: Any eligible AP or transfer course that receives at least .70 unit of credit may be counted toward a Core Competency requirement. Transfer credit eligibility for Core Competencies will be determined when a preliminary or official Transfer Credit Evaluation is completed, either at the time of admission or after a student has submitted their enrollment fee.

Click here to hide upper level courses from the tables below.

SPRING 2025

Think Aesthetically

Courses in this category focus on creating new works of art (e.g., visual arts, music, dance, theatrical performances, creative writing) and/or analyzing existing works of art and artistic movements. Students may take one full unit course or the equivalent fractional unit courses to add up to one full unit (such as four 0.25 unit courses) to fulfill this competency.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
ART 111 / 1Survey Art History II1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMQuerin, Camilla
ART 114 / 1Materials Foundation1.00SpringTR9:00AM-11:50AMNilan, Jeffrey A.
ART 115 / 1Digital Foundations1.00SpringTR9:00AM-11:50AMWeeks, Alfredo Augustine
ART 115 / 2Digital Foundations1.00SpringTR1:10PM-4:00PMWeeks, Alfredo Augustine
DANC 105 / 1Introduction to Dance Studies1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMHarris, Isaiah L.
DANC 150 / 1Studio Topics0.50SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
DANC 150 / 2Studio Topics0.50SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
ENG 215 / 1Creative Nonfiction I1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMPace, Aza Rene
ENG 216 / 1Poetry I1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMPace, Aza Rene
MUS 105 / 1Appreciation of Music Literature1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMNemeth, Samuel Tyler
MUS 105 / 2Appreciation of Music Literature1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMNemeth, Samuel Tyler
MUSP 001 / 1Choral Art Society0.25SpringTUE6:00PM-8:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
MUSP 001 / 1Choral Art Society0.25SpringTHUR6:00PM-7:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
MUSP 002 / 1Symphonic Wind Ensemble0.25SpringTR4:20PM-5:50PMEdwards, Richard Douglas
MUSP 011 / 1Music Theater Workshop0.25SpringMWF4:30PM-6:30PMWhitehead, Jennifer M.
THEA 101 / 1Introduction to Theatre1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMSadler, Bradford Garland
COMM 251 / 1Digital Media1.00SpringMON7:00PM-9:30PMIngles, Jo Jo
DANC 305 / 1Dance History1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-12:00PMHarris, Isaiah L.
ENG 254 / 1Introduction to Film1.00SpringWED6:30PM-9:00PMLaamanen, Carl E.
ENG 254 / 2Introduction to Film1.00SpringTUE6:30PM-9:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
ENG 496 / 1Literary Editing1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMPace, Aza Rene
FLMS 254 / 1Introduction to Film1.00SpringWED6:30PM-9:00PMLaamanen, Carl E.
FLMS 254 / 2Introduction to Film1.00SpringTUE6:30PM-9:00PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
MUS 351 / 1Analysis of Music in Film1.00SpringMWF3:10PM-4:00PMChiou, Frank Norman
THEA 275 / 1Voice and Movement for the Stage1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMCuskey, Lusie Meagan Marie

Reason Formally and Quantitatively

Courses that fulfill this competency have a substantial focus on quantitative methods and formal reasoning based on the use of arithmetical, algebraic, geometric, statistical, logical, and/or algorithmic approaches to solving problems.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
CHEM 111 / 1General Chemistry II1.25SpringMWF8:00AM-8:50AMGrunkemeyer, Heather J.
CHEM 111 / 1General Chemistry II1.25SpringTUE12:10PM-1:00PMGrunkemeyer, Heather J.
CHEM 111 / 2General Chemistry II1.25SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMRudd, Bethany A.
CHEM 111 / 2General Chemistry II1.25SpringTHUR12:10PM-1:00PMRudd, Bethany A.
CHEM 111 / 3General Chemistry II1.25SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMTomcho, Kayce A.
CHEM 111 / 3General Chemistry II1.25SpringTUE12:10PM-1:00PMTomcho, Kayce A.
CHEM 111 / L1General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringMON1:10PM-4:00PMFink, Dan F.
CHEM 111 / L2General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringTUE1:10PM-4:00PMBrice, Laura Elizabeth
CHEM 111 / L3General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringTUE8:00AM-10:50AMEdwards, Tammie Lynne
CHEM 111 / L4General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringTHUR1:10PM-4:00PMBrice, Laura Elizabeth
CHEM 111 / L5General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringWED1:10PM-4:00PMFink, Dan F.
CHEM 111 / L6General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringTHUR8:00AM-10:50AMEdwards, Tammie Lynne
CHEM 111 / L7General Chemistry II Lab0.00SpringTHUR1:10PM-4:00PMTomcho, Kayce A.
CS 110 / 1Intro Computer Sci & Programming1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMGeis, Nicholas Stanley
CS 110 / 1Intro Computer Sci & Programming1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMGeis, Nicholas Stanley
ECON 110 / 1Principles of Economics1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMYazar, Julide
ECON 110 / 2Principles of Economics1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMYazar, Julide
ECON 110 / 3Principles of Economics1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:30AMRahman, Saif Saif
MATH 105 / 1Basic Probability & Statistics1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMMyers, Sarah A.
MATH 105 / 2Basic Probability & Statistics1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMMyers, Sarah A.
MATH 105 / 3Basic Probability & Statistics1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMyers, Sarah A.
MATH 110 / 1Calculus I1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMWiebe, Harold D.
MATH 110 / 1Calculus I1.00SpringTHUR12:10PM-1:00PMWiebe, Harold D.
MATH 111 / 1Calculus II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMJackson, Craig H.
MATH 111 / 1Calculus II1.00SpringTUE12:10PM-1:00PMJackson, Craig H.
PSYC 210 / 1Quantitative Methods1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMeyer, Michelle Elizabeth
CS 210 / 1Intermediate Computer Science and Data Structures1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMMcCulloch, Sean T.
CS 210 / 1Intermediate Computer Science and Data Structures1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMMcCulloch, Sean T.
CS 220 / 1Foundations of Computer Science1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMMcCulloch, Sean T.
DATA 300 3 / 1Methods in Data Analytics1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMAbbasi, Mehwish
FIN 361 / 1Financial Management1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMacLeod, Barbara A.
MATH 230 / 1Applied Statistics1.00SpringMWF3:10PM-4:00PMGeis, Nicholas Stanley

Question Scientifically

Courses in this category introduce students to the scientific method and how it can be deployed to investigate questions about the natural world.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
ASTR 110 / 1Elementary Astronomy1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMHarmon, Robert O.
BIOL 120 / 1Introduction to Cell Biology1.25SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMHamill, Danielle R.
BIOL 120 / 2Introduction to Cell Biology1.25SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMCarreno, Ramon A.
BIOL 120 / L1Introduction to Cell Biology Lab0.00SpringMON1:10PM-4:00PMLewin, Kiley D.
BIOL 120 / L2Introduction to Cell Biology Lab0.00SpringTUE9:00AM-11:50AMCarreno, Ramon A.
BIOL 120 / L3Introduction to Cell Biology Lab0.00SpringTUE1:10PM-4:00PMHamill, Danielle R.
BIOL 120 / L4Introduction to Cell Biology Lab0.00SpringTHUR9:00AM-11:50AMLewin, Kiley D.
BIOL 122 / 1Organisms and Their Environment1.25SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMDowning, Amy L.
BIOL 122 / L1Organisms and Their Environment Lab0.00SpringTUE9:00AM-11:50AMDowning, Amy L.
BIOL 122 / L2Organisms and Their Environment Lab0.00SpringTUE1:10PM-4:00PMDowning, Amy L.
BIOL 125 / 1Introduction to Microbiology1.25SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMTuhela-Reuning, Laura M.
BIOL 125 / L1Introduction to Microbiology0.00SpringTR1:10PM-3:00PMTuhela-Reuning, Laura M.
ENVS 111 / 1Intro to Earth Science1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMUmar, Mubarak Aliyu
ENVS 111 / 2Intro to Earth Science1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMUmar, Mubarak Aliyu
ENVS 111 / 3Intro to Earth Science1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMRowley, Nathanael Amador
ENVS 112 / 1Ecology and the Human Future1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMAnderson, Laurel J.
NEUR 110 / 1Introduction to Neuroscience1.25SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMHorn, Miranda Dawn
NEUR 110 / L1Lab0.00SpringMON1:10PM-4:00PMHorn, Miranda Dawn
PSYC 110 / 1Introduction to Psychology1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMModica, Christopher A.
PSYC 110 / 2Introduction to Psychology1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMMeyer, Michelle Elizabeth
PSYC 110 / 3Introduction to Psychology1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMSrigley, Grace Laurel
PSYC 110 / 4Introduction to Psychology1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMCashen, Krystal K.
ECON 251 / 1Research Methods in Economics1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMSkosples, Goran
PG 279 / 1Conduct of Political Inquiry1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMNestor, Franchesca Victoria
PSYC 310 / 1Research Methods1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMModica, Christopher A.

Listen, Imagine, and Understand

Courses in this category examine the meaning-making practices that help people interpret the world, developing critical reading and listening skills for cultivating empathy for lives and cultures unlike our own.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
COMM 111 / 1Mass Media History1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMKennard, Ashley R.
COMM 220 / 1Media Literacy & Analysis1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMBair, Josie R.
ENG 176 / 1Rage against the Machine? Technology and its Critics1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMAllison, Mark A.
REL 111 / 1Hebrew Bible1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
REL 121 / 1New Testament History and Literature1.00SpringTR10:30AM-11:50AMSTAFF, Part-time Faculty
ENG 300 16 / 1Literary Encounters in the Medieval Mediterranean1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMDeMarco, Patricia A.
GEOG 360 / 1Environmental Geography1.00SpringTHUR6:30PM-9:00PMBraden, Dustin S.
MUS 349 / 1History of Rock in Song, Style & Story1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMEdwards, Richard Douglas
SOAN 349 / 1Gender and the Body1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMMitchell, Samantha Rose

Write and Speak Effectively

Courses in this category focus on written and oral communication skills, devoting substantial class time to all stages of the compositional process, from invention through revision.

Please note: First-year students should take ENG 105: College Writing Seminar before completing the Write & Speak Effectively core competency. If a student has exempted from ENG 105 through test scores, they may register for a Write & Speak Effectively course.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
COMM 110 / 1Fundamentals of Journalism1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMcGory, John R.
FREN 250 / 1Le mot juste: Composition and Cultural Analysis in French1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMCusato, Mary Anne Lewis
HIST 250 / 1Historical Inquiry1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMTerzian, Barbara A.
ENG 255 / 1The Devil, the Hero, & God1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMerkel, Stephanie L.
ENG 265 / 1Literary and Cultural Criticism1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMLong, Zack C.
ENG 310 / 1Writing for the Workplace1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMPaul, Nancy S.
ENG 312 / 1Writing for the Sciences1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMBurns, Tom L.
NEUR 374 / 1Topics in Neuroscience1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMVadnie, Chelsea A.
PG 353 / 1Congress & Legislative Process1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMNestor, Franchesca Victoria
PHIL 391 / 1Seminar in Plato1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMCalef, Scott W.
REL 344 / 1Gandhi: Religion & Social Change in Modern Asia1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMMichael, Blake Blake

Learn a Second Language

Courses in this category focus on written and/or spoken languages other than English. Students must complete a language through the 111 level or show competency at that level through a placement exam, standardized test performance, or exemption for non-native speakers of English.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
BWS 111 / 1Beginning Swahili II1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMSkandor, Ali M.
BWS 111 / 2Beginning Swahili II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMSkandor, Ali M.
FREN 111 / 1Beginning French II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMGregory, Conrad Duncan
FREN 111 / 1Beginning French II1.00SpringMON12:10PM-1:00PMGregory, Conrad Duncan
FREN 111 / 2Beginning French II1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMCusato, Mary Anne Lewis
GERM 111 / 1Beginning German II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMStrawser, Amy K.
GERM 111 / 1Beginning German II1.00SpringWED12:10PM-1:00PMStrawser, Amy K.
ITAL 111 / 1Beginning Italian II1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMGiliberti, Marco
JAPN 111 / 1Beginning Japanese II1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMKawabe, Jun
JAPN 111 / 1Beginning Japanese II1.00SpringFRI12:10PM-1:00PMKawabe, Jun
LATI 111 / 1Beginning Latin II1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMBlume, Hank S.
LATI 111 / 1Beginning Latin II1.00SpringTUE12:10PM-1:00PMBlume, Hank S.
SPAN 110 / 1Beginning Spanish I1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMHoffman, Angela S.
SPAN 110 / 1Beginning Spanish I1.00SpringMON12:10PM-1:00PMHoffman, Angela S.
SPAN 111 / 1Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMParis-Huesca, Eva
SPAN 111 / 2Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMNieto Cuebas, Glenda Yael
SPAN 111 / 2Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMON12:10PM-1:00PMNieto Cuebas, Glenda Yael
SPAN 111 / 3Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMAmaro Monsalves Myers, Denisse D.
SPAN 111 / 3Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMON12:10PM-1:00PMAmaro Monsalves Myers, Denisse D.
SPAN 111 / 4Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMAmaro Monsalves Myers, Denisse D.
SPAN 111 / 4Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringFRI12:10PM-1:00PMAmaro Monsalves Myers, Denisse D.
SPAN 111 / 5Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMNieto Cuebas, Glenda Yael
SPAN 111 / 5Beginning Spanish II1.00SpringMON12:10PM-1:00PMNieto Cuebas, Glenda Yael
SPAN 225 / 1Continuing Spanish1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMParis-Huesca, Eva
SWAH 111 / 1Beginning Swahili II1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMSkandor, Ali M.
SWAH 111 / 2Beginning Swahili II1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMSkandor, Ali M.

Examine Power and Inequities

Courses in this category explore the ways in which power is constructed, embedded, and employed in cultural, political, and social structures. Courses will consider the effect of such systems on cultures and individuals, as well as efforts to confront inequality.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
EDUC 115 / 1Teaching for Equity and Social Justice1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMKang, Bona
GEOG 110 / 1Human Geography1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMToenjes, Ashley M.
HIST 112 / 1Introduction to Modern European History1.00SpringTR10:30AM-11:50AMGingerich, Mark P.
HIST 114 / 1Introduction to Modern American History, 1877-Present1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMSt. Angelo, Benjamin J.
HIST 116 / 1Introduction to Pacific Asia1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:30AMChen, Xiaoming
PG 113 / 1Democracy, Dictatorship and Political Ch1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMFranklin, James C.
PHIL 110 / 1Introduction to Philosophy1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMCalef, Scott W.
SOAN 110 / 1Introductory Sociology1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMKim, Veda Hyunjin
SOAN 117 / 1Social Problems1.00SpringTR10:30AM-11:50AMDean, Paul S.
BWS 300 11 / 1Race, Ethnicity, and Health1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMQuaye, Randolph K.
ENG 300 15 / 1Britainistan: Literary and Religious Narratives of British Muslims1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMComorau, Nancy A.
ENG 346 / 118th-Century Lit in the Digital Age1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMMerkel, Stephanie L.
ENG 350 / 1The Victorians1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMAllison, Mark A.
FREN 351 / 1Culture of Empire, Culture of Resistance: Representation and Power in the French-Speaking World from1.00SpringTR8:30AM-9:50AMCusato, Mary Anne Lewis
PG 347 / 1Contemporary Political Topics: Protest and Violence1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMFranklin, James C.
PG 360 / 1International Politics1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMChoi, Ji Young
PHIL 351 / 1Philosophy of Law1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMFlynn, Erin
REL 300 15 / 1Britainistan: Literary and Religious Narratives1.00SpringMW2:10PM-4:00PMComorau, Nancy A.
WGS 325 / 1Women and Media: Gender, Race, Class and Popular Culture1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:50AMTrimble, Rita Jo

Engage Diversity

Courses in this category focus on cultures, people, and places historically excluded by the Western academic tradition. Courses will engage issues of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, ability, and class, and their complex, interrelated histories.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
BWS 105 / 1Intro. to Black World Studies1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMQuaye, Randolph K.
PHIL 111 / 1The Examined Life in a Diverse World1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMStone-Mediatore, Shari R.
PHIL 212 / 1Critical Thinking: Ideology Critique1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMStone-Mediatore, Shari R.
REL 104 / 1Mystical Religions of the East1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMichael, Blake Blake
WGS 110 / 1Introduction to Women's and Gender Studies1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMSchrock, Richelle D.
ART 251 / 1Latin American Art1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMQuerin, Camilla
ART 305 / 1Black Atlantic Art1.00SpringMWF11:00AM-11:50AMQuerin, Camilla
ART 358 / 1Ceramics I1.00SpringTR1:10PM-4:00PMBogdanov, Kristina
COMM 311 / 1Special Topics in Communication1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMKennard, Ashley R.
COMM 312 / 1Intercultural Communication1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMKennard, Ashley R.
COMM 314 / 1Health Communication & The Black Body1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMDailey, Phokeng M.
HIST 285 / 1Women in American History1.00SpringTR10:00AM-11:30AMTerzian, Barbara A.
PG 265 / 1The Politics of Disability1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMBiser, Ashley Noelle
PG 349 / 1East Asian Politics1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMChoi, Ji Young
PSYC 285 / 1LGBTQ+ Issues in Psychology1.00SpringTR2:40PM-4:00PMCashen, Krystal K.
SOAN 300 10 / 1Special Topics Course: Korea: Colonialism, Capitalism, and Patriarchy1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMKim, Veda Hyunjin
SOAN 300 10 / 2Special Topics: US Corrections System: A Critical Inquiry1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMRose, Norman Robert
WGS 310 / 1Special Topics in Women's and Gender Studies1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMKay, Wendi

Act Responsibly

Courses in this category equip students to engage as citizens of a diverse and interconnected world, drawing upon various ideas and ideals that guide human interaction, including historical, religious, ecological, philosophical, and ethical frameworks.

Course / Section Title Credits Term Day Time Instructor
ENVS 110 / 1Intro to Environment and Sustainability1.00SpringMWF9:00AM-9:50AMKrygier, John B.
PG 111 / 1Power and American Politics1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMMack, Brianna N.
PHIL 211 / 1Ethics1.00SpringMWF10:00AM-10:50AMCalef, Scott W.
REL 103 / 1Prophetic Religions of the West1.00SpringMWF2:10PM-3:00PMMichael, Blake Blake
ENVS 399 / 1Sustainability Practicum1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMBraden, Dustin S.
PG 280 / 1American Public Policy1.00SpringTR1:10PM-2:30PMNestor, Franchesca Victoria
PG 363 / 1Human Rights in International Perspectiv1.00SpringMWF1:10PM-2:00PMFranklin, James C.
PHIL 312 / 1Special Topics in Philosophy1.00SpringFRI1:10PM-3:40PMStone-Mediatore, Shari R.